Implementation of Foot Exercise Activities to Improve the Ankle BrachialIndex (ABI)

Abstrak

Diabetes Mellitus(DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood 
glucose levels (hyperglycemia). If this condition persists over time, it can lead 
to serious complications such as neuropathy or nerve damage. The high 
prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and the lack of physical activity among patients 
necessitate simple and affordable activities, such as foot exercises, which can 
be performed anytime and anywhere without causing complications. To 
describe the implementation of foot exercise activities to improve the Ankle 
Brachial Index (ABI) values in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. This 
study employed a case study design with a descriptive approach involving two 
subjects diagnosed with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. The research was conducted 
from March 11 to March 17, 2025. ABI measurements were taken one day 
before (H-1) and one day after (H+1) the foot exercise intervention, which 
consisted of four sessions of 30 minute foot exercises. ABI valuesimproved postintervention in both subjects. Subject I's right ABI increased from 0.9425 to 
0.96, and left from 0.9626 to 0.98. Subject II's right ABI improved from 0.875 to 
0.9025, and left from 0.9275 to 1. : Foot exercise activities improved ABI values 
in both patients. Foot exercise activities should be done independently by 
patients with Type II DM to improve circulation and prevent complications.