Utilization Of Secondary Metabolite Compounds from 96% Ethanol Extract of Pidada Leaves (Sonneratia caseolaris L) as an Antibacterial against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria
Keywords:
Pidada leaf, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract
Infectious diseases are still a serious problem, and it is important to increase other sources of antimicrobial drugs from natural ingredients, one of which is the pidada plant. This research aims to determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds found in pidada leaves and determine the inhibitory power of pidada leaf extract against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This type of research is a real experimental laboratory with a maceration extraction method using 96% ethanol solvent and antibacterial testing using the well diffusion method with variations in extract concentration of 80%, 60%, 40% and 20%. The research results show that the extract contains flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins and steroids. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that there was an inhibitory power at a concentration of 80%, namely Bacillus subtilis bacteria of 19.13 mm in the intermediate category and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria of 17.18 mm in the intermediate category. The results showed that the ethanol extract of pidada leaves can inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.
References
[1] Faradina AS, Mastra N, Karta IW. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Akar Encok (Plumbago zeylanica L .) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Analisis Kesehatan Poltekkes Denpasar. 2019; vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 110–118.
[2] Srinengri L, Arryati H, Yuniarti. Identifikasi Kandungan Fitokimia Tumbuhan Pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris) dari Hutan Mangrove. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae. 2019; vol. 2, no. 4: pp. 605-611.
[3] Mutiara R, Djangi MJ, Herawati N. Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Buah Mangrove Pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris ) Isolation and Antioxidant Activity Test of Secondary Metabolites Compound Methanol Extract of Mangrove Pidada Rind ’ s ( sonneratia caseolaris ). Jurnal Chemica. 2016; vol. 17, pp. 52–62.
[4] Hasmila I, Natsir H, Soekamto NH. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of soursop leaf extract (Annona muricata Linn.). Journal of Physics. 2019; vol. 13, pp. 1-6.
[5] Fitriani T, Nashihah S. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambai (Sonneratia caseolaris (L) Engl) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia. 2021; vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 40-53.
[6] Syamsul ES, Supomo JS. Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Pidada Merah (Sonneratia caseolaris L). Kovalen: Jurnal Riset Kimia. 2020; vol. 6, no. 3, pp.184-90.
[7] Fitriani T, Nashihah S. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambai (Sonneratia caseolaris (L) Engl) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia. 2021; vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 40-53.
[8] Winastri NLAP, Muliasari H, Hidayati E. Aktivitas Antibakteri Air Perasan dan Rebusan Daun Calincing (Oxalis cornicaluta L.) terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati.2020; vol. 19, no. 2, pp.127-244.
[9] Wijaya, H., Novitasari, J. S., & Jubaidah, S. Perbandingan metode ekstraksi terhadap rendemen ekstrak daun rambai laut (Sonneratia caseolaris L. Engl). Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung, 2018; vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 79-83. https://doi.org/10.51352/jim.v4i1.148.
[10] Adrianto Rizki. Pemantauan Jumlah Bakteri Coliform Di Perairan Sungai Provinsi Lampung. Majalah Teknologi Agro Industri, 2018; vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–6.
[11] Sutton, S. Penentuan Inokulum Untuk Pengujian Mikrobiologi. Jurnal Ilmiah, 2011; vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 49-53.
[12] Ningsih, N. K. S. S., & Setyawati, T. Perbandingan Efektivitas Antibiotik (Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxime, Ampicilin, Ceftazidime Dan Meropenem) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Penyebab Ulkus Diabetik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Kiirby-Bauer. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran, 2016; vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 40–50.
[13] Nurhamidin, A. P. R., Fatmawali and Antasionasti, I. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak N-Heksan Biji Buah Langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococus aureus Dan Klebsiella pneumoniae’, Pharmacon, 2021; vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 748–755.
[14] Davis, W.W., dan Stout, T.R. Disc Plate Method of Microbiological Antibiotic Assay. Applied Microbiology, 1971; vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 659-665.
[15] Khasanah, I. A., & Sarwiyono, S. P. Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus agalactiae Penyebab Mastitis Subklinis pada Sapi Perah. Jurnal Ternak Tropika, 2014; vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 7-14.
[16] Juliantina, F., Citra, D. A., Nirwani, B., Nurmasitoh, T., & Bowo, E. T. Manfaat sirih merah (Piper crocatum) sebagai agen anti bakterial terhadap bakteri gram positif dan bakteri gram negatif. Jurnal kedokteran dan kesehatan indonesia, 2009; vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12-20.
[17] Pelczar, M. J., & Chan, E. C. S. (2010). Dasar–Dasar Mikrobiologi, Jilid 1, Penerjemah: Hadioetomo, RS.
[18] Madduluri, S., Rao, K. B., & Sitaram, B. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of five indigenous plants extract against five bacterial pathogens of human. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013; vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 679-684.
[19] Harborne, J.B. Metode Fitokimia. Edisi 2. Bandung: ITB. 2006.
[20] Cavalieri, S.J., I.D. Rankin., R.J. Harbeck., R.S. Sautter., Y.S. McCarter., S.E. Sharp., J.H. Ortez., dan C.A. Spiegel. Manual of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. American Society for Microbiology, USA. 2005.
[21] Hashem, F.M., El-Kiey, M.A. Nigella Sativa seeds of Egypt, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2002; vol. 3, no. 1,pp. 121-33.
[22] Ahmed, B. Chemistry of Natural Products. New Delhi: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Science Jamia Hamdard. 2007.
[2] Srinengri L, Arryati H, Yuniarti. Identifikasi Kandungan Fitokimia Tumbuhan Pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris) dari Hutan Mangrove. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae. 2019; vol. 2, no. 4: pp. 605-611.
[3] Mutiara R, Djangi MJ, Herawati N. Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Buah Mangrove Pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris ) Isolation and Antioxidant Activity Test of Secondary Metabolites Compound Methanol Extract of Mangrove Pidada Rind ’ s ( sonneratia caseolaris ). Jurnal Chemica. 2016; vol. 17, pp. 52–62.
[4] Hasmila I, Natsir H, Soekamto NH. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of soursop leaf extract (Annona muricata Linn.). Journal of Physics. 2019; vol. 13, pp. 1-6.
[5] Fitriani T, Nashihah S. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambai (Sonneratia caseolaris (L) Engl) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia. 2021; vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 40-53.
[6] Syamsul ES, Supomo JS. Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Pidada Merah (Sonneratia caseolaris L). Kovalen: Jurnal Riset Kimia. 2020; vol. 6, no. 3, pp.184-90.
[7] Fitriani T, Nashihah S. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambai (Sonneratia caseolaris (L) Engl) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia. 2021; vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 40-53.
[8] Winastri NLAP, Muliasari H, Hidayati E. Aktivitas Antibakteri Air Perasan dan Rebusan Daun Calincing (Oxalis cornicaluta L.) terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati.2020; vol. 19, no. 2, pp.127-244.
[9] Wijaya, H., Novitasari, J. S., & Jubaidah, S. Perbandingan metode ekstraksi terhadap rendemen ekstrak daun rambai laut (Sonneratia caseolaris L. Engl). Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung, 2018; vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 79-83. https://doi.org/10.51352/jim.v4i1.148.
[10] Adrianto Rizki. Pemantauan Jumlah Bakteri Coliform Di Perairan Sungai Provinsi Lampung. Majalah Teknologi Agro Industri, 2018; vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–6.
[11] Sutton, S. Penentuan Inokulum Untuk Pengujian Mikrobiologi. Jurnal Ilmiah, 2011; vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 49-53.
[12] Ningsih, N. K. S. S., & Setyawati, T. Perbandingan Efektivitas Antibiotik (Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxime, Ampicilin, Ceftazidime Dan Meropenem) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Penyebab Ulkus Diabetik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Kiirby-Bauer. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran, 2016; vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 40–50.
[13] Nurhamidin, A. P. R., Fatmawali and Antasionasti, I. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak N-Heksan Biji Buah Langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococus aureus Dan Klebsiella pneumoniae’, Pharmacon, 2021; vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 748–755.
[14] Davis, W.W., dan Stout, T.R. Disc Plate Method of Microbiological Antibiotic Assay. Applied Microbiology, 1971; vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 659-665.
[15] Khasanah, I. A., & Sarwiyono, S. P. Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus agalactiae Penyebab Mastitis Subklinis pada Sapi Perah. Jurnal Ternak Tropika, 2014; vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 7-14.
[16] Juliantina, F., Citra, D. A., Nirwani, B., Nurmasitoh, T., & Bowo, E. T. Manfaat sirih merah (Piper crocatum) sebagai agen anti bakterial terhadap bakteri gram positif dan bakteri gram negatif. Jurnal kedokteran dan kesehatan indonesia, 2009; vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12-20.
[17] Pelczar, M. J., & Chan, E. C. S. (2010). Dasar–Dasar Mikrobiologi, Jilid 1, Penerjemah: Hadioetomo, RS.
[18] Madduluri, S., Rao, K. B., & Sitaram, B. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of five indigenous plants extract against five bacterial pathogens of human. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013; vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 679-684.
[19] Harborne, J.B. Metode Fitokimia. Edisi 2. Bandung: ITB. 2006.
[20] Cavalieri, S.J., I.D. Rankin., R.J. Harbeck., R.S. Sautter., Y.S. McCarter., S.E. Sharp., J.H. Ortez., dan C.A. Spiegel. Manual of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. American Society for Microbiology, USA. 2005.
[21] Hashem, F.M., El-Kiey, M.A. Nigella Sativa seeds of Egypt, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2002; vol. 3, no. 1,pp. 121-33.
[22] Ahmed, B. Chemistry of Natural Products. New Delhi: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Science Jamia Hamdard. 2007.
Published
2024-07-21
How to Cite
PutrianiK., SerawaidiN., RoswatidiE., & AndiniF. (2024). Utilization Of Secondary Metabolite Compounds from 96% Ethanol Extract of Pidada Leaves (Sonneratia caseolaris L) as an Antibacterial against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria. JPK : Jurnal Proteksi Kesehatan, 13(1), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.36929/jpk.v13i1.877
Section
Articles
